October 3, 2024

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Category: NCLEX – Theory

Leukotrienes

jaswantkaurm@gmail.com02 mins

Leukotrienes are inflammatory chemicals produced by the body, specifically by white blood cells called leukocytes. They play a key role in the body’s immune response, particularly in the lungs and in conditions like asthma and allergic reactions. Key Points About Leukotrienes: Functions Inflammatory Mediators: Leukotrienes contribute to the inflammation process by attracting immune cells to…

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11 Aug. - NCLEX Practice Questions

Must-Know Blood Type

jaswantkaurm@gmail.com16 mins

Must-Know “Blood Type” Must-Know “Blood Type” ANTIGENS (Must-Know “Blood Type”) Antigens are specific proteins or molecules found on the surface of red blood cells. These antigens determine an individual’s blood type and play a crucial role in blood transfusions. PLASMA ANTIBODIES Plasma antibodies are proteins found in the plasma (the liquid component of blood) that…

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Head to Toe Assessment

jaswantkaurm@gmail.com517 mins

Comprehensive Head 2 Toe Assessment Central Nervous System Newborn Pediatric Adult Fontanelles are soft, not depressed or bulging. Normal newborn reflexes are present. Cry is normal. Infant is alert when awake. No seizure-like activity. No jitteriness; normal muscle tone. Behavior is appropriate for age and development. Awake, alert, and oriented to person, place, and time….

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DIABETES MELLITUS (DM)

jaswantkaurm@gmail.com03 mins

Insulin is a hormone made by the beta cells of the pancreas in the islets of Langerhans. Normally insulin is released continually into the bloodstream in small amounts and increases release when food is eaten DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly known as diabetes, is a chronic multisystem disease of impaired glucose metabolism caused…

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ABG Analysis

ABG Analysis

Mastering ABG analysis is essential for nursing practice and success on the NCLEX. Each question in this set emphasizes key concepts, including the identification of acid-base imbalances, physiological responses, and their implications for patient care. A strong grasp of these principles will enhance your ability to assess and respond effectively to patients' needs in various clinical situations.

The number of attempts remaining is 5

1 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.38, PaCO2 48 mmHg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. This indicates which type of compensation?

2 / 50

A patient’s ABG shows: pH 7.45, PaCO2 48 mmHg, HCO3- 36 mEq/L. What condition does this most likely indicate?

3 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.47, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3- 29 mEq/L. The nurse should assess for which of the following?

4 / 50

A patient is hypoventilating after a drug overdose. What would their ABG likely show?

5 / 50

A patient presents with confusion and fatigue. Their ABG results show: pH 7.28, PaCO2 58 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L. What condition do these findings suggest?

6 / 50

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

7 / 50

A patient with a history of COPD is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which intervention is most appropriate?

8 / 50

A patient in renal failure presents with pH 7.30 and HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What is the expected respiratory response?

9 / 50

Which of the following ABG results would indicate metabolic acidosis?

10 / 50

A patient presents with a high HCO3- level and a pH of 7.50. What could this indicate?

11 / 50

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a pH of 7.35 and HCO3- of 18 mEq/L. What is the likely diagnosis?

12 / 50

The nurse is interpreting ABG results: pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. What condition is indicated?

13 / 50

In a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism, what ABG changes might you expect?

14 / 50

In a patient with respiratory acidosis, what is the expected change in the kidneys?

15 / 50

If a patient is experiencing metabolic alkalosis, which ABG result might be expected?

16 / 50

Which of the following can lead to metabolic alkalosis?

17 / 50

A patient with renal failure presents with ABG results: pH 7.32, PaCO2 42 mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L. What does this indicate?

18 / 50

A patient with diabetes presents with a fruity odor on their breath. ABG results show: pH 7.25, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What condition is this indicative of?

19 / 50

A patient with chronic kidney disease shows signs of acidosis. What ABG change would be expected?

20 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.45, PaCO2 35 mmHg, HCO3- 21 mEq/L. What is the interpretation?

21 / 50

A patient with an acute asthma attack is likely to have which of the following ABG results?

22 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.48, PaCO2 42 mmHg, HCO3- 30 mEq/L. What does this indicate?

23 / 50

A patient has a pH of 7.39, PaCO2 of 52 mmHg, and HCO3- of 28 mEq/L. This patient is likely experiencing:

24 / 50

Which of the following scenarios would likely lead to respiratory alkalosis?

25 / 50

A patient is experiencing respiratory distress and has an ABG result of pH 7.32, PaCO2 52 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. What does this indicate?

26 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.40, PaCO2 32 mmHg, HCO3- 19 mEq/L. Which acid-base balance does this indicate?

27 / 50

What is a common cause of metabolic acidosis?

28 / 50

A patient with severe dehydration would likely exhibit which of the following ABG results?

29 / 50

A patient is hyperventilating due to anxiety. What would you expect their ABG results to show?

30 / 50

A patient has the following ABG results: pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. What is the primary acid-base disturbance?

31 / 50

A patient with chronic respiratory acidosis may develop:

32 / 50

A nurse notices a patient has rapid, shallow breathing. The patient’s ABG shows: pH 7.45, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L. What is the likely diagnosis?

33 / 50

A patient with a history of excessive alcohol consumption presents with ABG results: pH 7.30, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What is the likely diagnosis?

34 / 50

The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which ABG result would indicate respiratory acidosis?

35 / 50

A nurse is reviewing ABG results: pH 7.35, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L. Which condition is most likely?

36 / 50

A nurse reviews an ABG report: pH 7.35, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate?

37 / 50

A patient’s ABG indicates a pH of 7.50, what should the nurse suspect?

38 / 50

A patient presents with confusion and lethargy. ABG analysis reveals pH 7.34, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions is the priority?

39 / 50

A patient with renal failure shows ABG results of pH 7.25, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L. This indicates:

40 / 50

A patient presents with tachycardia and muscle cramps. ABG analysis shows: pH 7.50, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3- 30 mEq/L. What should the nurse assess for?

41 / 50

Which patient condition would most likely cause metabolic alkalosis?

42 / 50

If a patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis, what would you expect the respiratory compensation to be?

43 / 50

A patient has a pH of 7.30, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L. What is the most likely diagnosis?

44 / 50

A patient presents with tachypnea and lightheadedness. Which ABG finding would be expected?

45 / 50

If a patient’s ABG shows a pH of 7.28, what should the nurse suspect?

46 / 50

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis has the following ABG results: pH 7.25, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What is the primary acid-base imbalance?

47 / 50

A patient has a pH of 7.39, PaCO2 of 52 mmHg, and HCO3- of 28 mEq/L. This patient is likely experiencing:

48 / 50

Which of the following ABG values would indicate respiratory alkalosis?

49 / 50

A nurse is assessing a patient with potential metabolic acidosis. Which sign would be most indicative?

50 / 50

In which condition would you expect to see a decreased HCO3- level?

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