October 3, 2024

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Leukotrienes

jaswantkaurm@gmail.com02 mins

Leukotrienes are inflammatory chemicals produced by the body, specifically by white blood cells called leukocytes. They play a key role in the body’s immune response, particularly in the lungs and in conditions like asthma and allergic reactions. Key Points About Leukotrienes: Functions Inflammatory Mediators: Leukotrienes contribute to the inflammation process by attracting immune cells to…

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Perfect Professionals Consultancy

jaswantkaurm@gmail.com01 mins

Perfect Professionals Consultancy, established in 2005, provides educational support to Nurses & Hospital Staff. Perfect Professionals Consultancy has two wings: Complete Nursing Solution provides educational support to internationally educated nurses seeking RN licensure in Canada, the USA, Australia, and the UK. Our services include counseling, application support, and preparation for licensure exams such as NCLEX-RN,…

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ABG Analysis

ABG Analysis

Mastering ABG analysis is essential for nursing practice and success on the NCLEX. Each question in this set emphasizes key concepts, including the identification of acid-base imbalances, physiological responses, and their implications for patient care. A strong grasp of these principles will enhance your ability to assess and respond effectively to patients' needs in various clinical situations.

The number of attempts remaining is 5

1 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.48, PaCO2 42 mmHg, HCO3- 30 mEq/L. What does this indicate?

2 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.38, PaCO2 48 mmHg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. This indicates which type of compensation?

3 / 50

A patient has a pH of 7.30, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L. What is the most likely diagnosis?

4 / 50

A patient with an acute asthma attack is likely to have which of the following ABG results?

5 / 50

A patient with renal failure shows ABG results of pH 7.25, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L. This indicates:

6 / 50

A patient presents with confusion and fatigue. Their ABG results show: pH 7.28, PaCO2 58 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L. What condition do these findings suggest?

7 / 50

The nurse is interpreting ABG results: pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. What condition is indicated?

8 / 50

A patient presents with a high HCO3- level and a pH of 7.50. What could this indicate?

9 / 50

A nurse reviews an ABG report: pH 7.35, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate?

10 / 50

A patient with severe dehydration would likely exhibit which of the following ABG results?

11 / 50

A patient with renal failure presents with ABG results: pH 7.32, PaCO2 42 mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L. What does this indicate?

12 / 50

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a pH of 7.35 and HCO3- of 18 mEq/L. What is the likely diagnosis?

13 / 50

A patient’s ABG indicates a pH of 7.50, what should the nurse suspect?

14 / 50

A patient is hyperventilating due to anxiety. What would you expect their ABG results to show?

15 / 50

A patient presents with confusion and lethargy. ABG analysis reveals pH 7.34, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions is the priority?

16 / 50

A patient with diabetes presents with a fruity odor on their breath. ABG results show: pH 7.25, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What condition is this indicative of?

17 / 50

A patient with chronic kidney disease shows signs of acidosis. What ABG change would be expected?

18 / 50

A patient with a history of COPD is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which intervention is most appropriate?

19 / 50

A patient has the following ABG results: pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. What is the primary acid-base disturbance?

20 / 50

A nurse is assessing a patient with potential metabolic acidosis. Which sign would be most indicative?

21 / 50

Which of the following ABG values would indicate respiratory alkalosis?

22 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.45, PaCO2 35 mmHg, HCO3- 21 mEq/L. What is the interpretation?

23 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.40, PaCO2 32 mmHg, HCO3- 19 mEq/L. Which acid-base balance does this indicate?

24 / 50

ABG results show: pH 7.47, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3- 29 mEq/L. The nurse should assess for which of the following?

25 / 50

A patient presents with tachycardia and muscle cramps. ABG analysis shows: pH 7.50, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3- 30 mEq/L. What should the nurse assess for?

26 / 50

A patient is hypoventilating after a drug overdose. What would their ABG likely show?

27 / 50

If a patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis, what would you expect the respiratory compensation to be?

28 / 50

A patient has a pH of 7.39, PaCO2 of 52 mmHg, and HCO3- of 28 mEq/L. This patient is likely experiencing:

29 / 50

Which of the following scenarios would likely lead to respiratory alkalosis?

30 / 50

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

31 / 50

Which of the following ABG results would indicate metabolic acidosis?

32 / 50

A patient’s ABG shows: pH 7.45, PaCO2 48 mmHg, HCO3- 36 mEq/L. What condition does this most likely indicate?

33 / 50

In which condition would you expect to see a decreased HCO3- level?

34 / 50

If a patient’s ABG shows a pH of 7.28, what should the nurse suspect?

35 / 50

A nurse notices a patient has rapid, shallow breathing. The patient’s ABG shows: pH 7.45, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L. What is the likely diagnosis?

36 / 50

In a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism, what ABG changes might you expect?

37 / 50

In a patient with respiratory acidosis, what is the expected change in the kidneys?

38 / 50

A nurse is reviewing ABG results: pH 7.35, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L. Which condition is most likely?

39 / 50

A patient presents with tachypnea and lightheadedness. Which ABG finding would be expected?

40 / 50

Which of the following can lead to metabolic alkalosis?

41 / 50

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis has the following ABG results: pH 7.25, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What is the primary acid-base imbalance?

42 / 50

A patient with a history of excessive alcohol consumption presents with ABG results: pH 7.30, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What is the likely diagnosis?

43 / 50

A patient with chronic respiratory acidosis may develop:

44 / 50

A patient in renal failure presents with pH 7.30 and HCO3- 15 mEq/L. What is the expected respiratory response?

45 / 50

A patient is experiencing respiratory distress and has an ABG result of pH 7.32, PaCO2 52 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. What does this indicate?

46 / 50

What is a common cause of metabolic acidosis?

47 / 50

The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which ABG result would indicate respiratory acidosis?

48 / 50

Which patient condition would most likely cause metabolic alkalosis?

49 / 50

If a patient is experiencing metabolic alkalosis, which ABG result might be expected?

50 / 50

A patient has a pH of 7.39, PaCO2 of 52 mmHg, and HCO3- of 28 mEq/L. This patient is likely experiencing:

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