Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) analgesic administered (orally, IV, or intramuscularly [IM]) for short-term relief of mild to moderate pain. Usage should not exceed 5 days due to adverse effects (eg, kidney injury, gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding). Ketorolac IM should be administered into a large muscle using the Z-track method to mitigate burning and discomfort. A 1-to 1½-in (2.5- to 3.8-cm) needle is recommended to inject medication into the proper muscular space in average-weight individuals.
(Option 1) The amount of analgesic to administer of a variable dose medication should be based on the client's pain level, level of consciousness, and history of narcotic use. Selecting a smaller first dose is appropriate if the nurse is unsure of how the client will respond to the medication. If needed, the larger amount can be given the next time a dose is requested or an additional one-time dose can be requested from the health care provider if breakthrough pain occurs (before the next scheduled medication dose is available).
(Option 2) Hydromorphone IV push, given undiluted or diluted with 5 ml. of sterile water or normal saline, should be administered slowly over 2-3 minutes; rapid infusion increases the risk of opioid-induced adverse reactions (eg, nausea, itching).
(Option 3) Undiluted morphine IV push should be administered slowly over 4-5 minutes; rapid infusion increases the risk of opioid-induced adverse reactions (eg, hypotension, flushing).
Educational objective:
Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used for short-term (≤5 days) pain relief due to risk of bleeding, gastrointestinal ulcers, and kidney injury. Intramuscular (IM) injections (using Z-track method) should be given deep into a large muscle due to burning and discomfort. A 1-to 1%-in (2.5- to 3.8-cm) needle is used to reach the proper muscle space.
Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) analgesic administered (orally, IV, or intramuscularly [IM]) for short-term relief of mild to moderate pain. Usage should not exceed 5 days due to adverse effects (eg, kidney injury, gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding). Ketorolac IM should be administered into a large muscle using the Z-track method to mitigate burning and discomfort. A 1-to 1½-in (2.5- to 3.8-cm) needle is recommended to inject medication into the proper muscular space in average-weight individuals.
(Option 1) The amount of analgesic to administer of a variable dose medication should be based on the client's pain level, level of consciousness, and history of narcotic use. Selecting a smaller first dose is appropriate if the nurse is unsure of how the client will respond to the medication. If needed, the larger amount can be given the next time a dose is requested or an additional one-time dose can be requested from the health care provider if breakthrough pain occurs (before the next scheduled medication dose is available).
(Option 2) Hydromorphone IV push, given undiluted or diluted with 5 ml. of sterile water or normal saline, should be administered slowly over 2-3 minutes; rapid infusion increases the risk of opioid-induced adverse reactions (eg, nausea, itching).
(Option 3) Undiluted morphine IV push should be administered slowly over 4-5 minutes; rapid infusion increases the risk of opioid-induced adverse reactions (eg, hypotension, flushing).
Educational objective:
Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used for short-term (≤5 days) pain relief due to risk of bleeding, gastrointestinal ulcers, and kidney injury. Intramuscular (IM) injections (using Z-track method) should be given deep into a large muscle due to burning and discomfort. A 1-to 1%-in (2.5- to 3.8-cm) needle is used to reach the proper muscle space.
