Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is potential complication of head injury. In SIADH, the extra ADH leads to excessive water absorption by the kidneys. Low serum osmolality and low serum sodium are the result of increased total body water (dilution). As ADH is secreted and water is retained, urine output is decreased and concentrated, resulting in a high specific gravity.
(Options 2 and 4) Increased urine output is associated with diabetes insipidus (DI). In DI, ADH is suppressed, causing polyuria, severe dehydration, and high serum osmolality if the client is unable to drink enough to maintain a fluid balance.
Educational objective: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a condition that results in increased ADH. Too much ADH causes increased total body water, resulting in a low serum osmolality and low serum sodium. As ADH is secreted and water is retained, urine output is decreased and concentrated, resulting in a high specific gravity.
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is potential complication of head injury. In SIADH, the extra ADH leads to excessive water absorption by the kidneys. Low serum osmolality and low serum sodium are the result of increased total body water (dilution). As ADH is secreted and water is retained, urine output is decreased and concentrated, resulting in a high specific gravity.
(Options 2 and 4) Increased urine output is associated with diabetes insipidus (DI). In DI, ADH is suppressed, causing polyuria, severe dehydration, and high serum osmolality if the client is unable to drink enough to maintain a fluid balance.
Educational objective: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a condition that results in increased ADH. Too much ADH causes increased total body water, resulting in a low serum osmolality and low serum sodium. As ADH is secreted and water is retained, urine output is decreased and concentrated, resulting in a high specific gravity.
